2026-06-01
Intermittent catheterization refers to a technique where the urinary catheter is not left in the bladder but is inserted only when necessary, to empty the bladder, and then removed after the process is completed. This method allows the bladder to expand intermittently, which is beneficial for maintaining bladder capacity and restoring the bladder's contraction function. The International Urinary Control Association recommends intermittent catheterization as the preferred method for treating neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The precautions are as follows
1. Conduct timely catheterization and do not wait until the patient feels the urge to urinate.
2. If there are obstacles during catheterization, pause for 5 to 10 seconds and withdraw the catheter by 3 centimeters, then slowly insert it again.
3. If there is resistance when withdrawing the catheter, it may be due to urethral spasm. Wait for 5 to 10 minutes before withdrawing the catheter.
4. Vaginal packing will affect the insertion of the catheter. Before catheterization for women, remove the vaginal packing. If a woman accidentally inserts the urinary catheter into the vagina during catheterization, replace it with a new catheter operation.
5. When inserting the catheter, be gentle, especially for male patients. Pay attention that when the catheter passes through the narrow part of the urethral orifice, the anterior part of the pubic symphysis, the curved part below, and the internal opening of the urethra, the patient should take a slow and deep breath and slowly insert the catheter. Avoid inserting too forcefully and rapidly to cause damage to the urethral mucosa.
6. After successful catheterization, keep the catheter in place until the urine is completely expelled. Do not immediately remove the catheter. While slowly withdrawing the catheter, gently rotate the catheter and instruct the patient to hold their breath to increase abdominal pressure, so that the bladder is completely emptied and there is no residual urine.
7. If there are problems during the catheterization process, contact the doctor for handling. Such as hematuria; failure of catheter insertion or withdrawal; increased pain and unbearable discomfort during catheter insertion; urinary tract infection, urinary pain; cloudy urine, with sediment, with odor; lower abdominal or back pain, with burning sensation, etc.
8. Each catheterization situation can be recorded on a dedicated urination record sheet, including date/time/urine volume/catheterization method/leakage of urine, etc.
9. Adequate bladder capacity, low pressure in the bladder, and sufficient resistance in the urethra are the prerequisites for intermittent catheterization. The bladder pressure should be lower than 40 cmH2O. Whether it is sterile intermittent catheterization or clean intermittent catheterization, 1 to 2 days before catheterization, teach the patient to drink water according to the plan, consume water evenly within 24 hours, and control the daily water intake within 1500 to 2000 ml.
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